Abstract: The characteristics of species diversity and the soil in non-resident island vegetation restoration on the Monkey Island of Xiamen was investigated based on thevegetation and soil data in April 2016 to provide reference for island ecological restoration. In the study species diversity and soil fertilities between the artificial restored woods and the second growth on the island were compared. The results showed that the plant diversity was low in the Monkey Island due to its small areas and simple seasurrounded terrain. There were 6 trees in 5 genera of 5 families,13 shrubs in 12 genera of 10 families and 40herbs in 39 genera of 2l families on the island. The species diversity was indifference between the restoration forestry and the secondary forestry probably because of the low species diversity. The soil fertility was much lower in therestoration forestry than in the secondary forestry. The growth of vegetation and its litter can increase the soil fertility. Due to the windy and water shortage on the island, the plant species able to adapt to the island environmentshould be selected in vegetation restoration. Lantana ca-mara invasion is severe on the island,where it treats the stability of island ecosystem and should be removed in time.