Abstract: The outbreak of Crown-of-Thorns Seastar（CoTS，Acanthaster spp.）is one of the major reasons damaging the function and species diversity of coral reef ecosystems. Larval survival is one of the key factors that determine adult population density. Therefore, understanding the feeding and nutritional requirements of the CoTS planktonic larval stage is critical for disaster prevention and control. In this study，four microalgae were used to feed CoTS larvae. Used the survival rate，body length，body width and stomach area of CoTS larvae under different feeding conditions and combined with the nutrient content of four microalgae，the effects of different microalgae on the growth and development of CoTS larvae were analyzed. Results showed that the algal species fed had different effects on the survival and growth of CoTS larvae. By 16th days of larval growth, the percentage survival of larvae fed with Chaetoceros meülleri was （7.20±0.01）%, and the body length (678.83 μm), body width (391.04 μm) and stomach area (14 628.14 μm²) of the fed larvae fed were significantly higher than those of larvae fed with Dunaliella salina, Platymonas subcordiformis and Chlorella vulgaris. In addition，the protein content，energy and C20 series fatty acids，saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids of C. meulleri were higher than D. salina and C. vulgaris besides the more suitable size for larval predation. Previous studies often used chlorophyll-a concentration as a proxy for CoTS larval feeding food concentrations. Results suggest that specific alga species may be the key determinant for larval development.