Abstract: The rhizosphere soil microorganisms on mangrove plants play an important role in the seashore biogeochemical cycle and its biodiversity. As a result of the influence of aboveground environment and soil properties, the rhizosphere soil microbial community composition of two different medicinal mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum and Acanthus ilicifolius may be distinctive. The bacterial and fungal diversities in the rhizosphere soils of A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius were detected by high-throughput sequencing, using the 16S rRNA and ITS genes as molecular markers, and the correlations between their diversities and soil properties were also analyzed. Results show that firstly the microbial diversity and richness of rhizosphere soils of A. ilicifolius were higher than those of A. corniculatum, there were significant differences in both bacterial and fungal composition(P<0.05). Secondly, the composition of the phylum and genus dominance (>1%) of bacterial and fungal in the rhizosphere soils were similar between A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius, while the number of the dominant fungal taxa of A. ilicifolius was more than that of A. corniculatum. The phylum of Proteobacteria, Nitrospirota and unclassified_k_Fungi were significantly more abundant in the soils of A. corniculatum than those of A. ilicifolius, while Bacteroidota, Desulfobacterota and Ascomycota were on the contrary. And the relative abundance of the genera of Nitrospira and Denitromonas in the rhizosphere soil ofA. corniculatum was significantly higher than that of A. ilicifolius, and it was adverse for Cladosporium and Cystofilobasidium. Thirdly, there were significant differences in pH, total carbon and total phenol between them, and pH and total phenol significantly related to the bacterial composition, while total carbon and total sulfur significantly related to the fungal composition. Meanwhile, pH， total carbon and total nitrogen were the important soil properties which affected bacterial taxa at the genus level, while fungal taxa were influenced by total phenols, pH and total carbon. In summary, there were obvious difference in the bacterial and fungal diversities in the rhizosphere soils between A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius. Furthermore, they closely related to soil properties, which may exert on the distinctive ecological functions of the coastal areas, and it could provide a scientific basis for exploration and utilization of A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius in the ecological functions and unique microbial resources in the future.