Abstract: Innate immunity is not only the first defensive line against pathogen infection, but also the premise and basis of activating acquired immunity, which plays an important role in the spread of pathogens and the development of diseases. The vertebrates can fight off pathogens through innate and adaptive immunity; however the invertebrates can only fight off pathogens through innate immunity. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is one of the major pathways regulating the immune response of invertebrates. In this paper, the research status of JAK/STAT signaling pathway in cultured crustaceans of the structure, the expression and functions from the cytokine receptor (Dome), JAK tyrosine kinase (JAK), signal transduction and activator of transcription (STAT), and regulatory factors in the host are reviewed. At present, elements of this pathway have been reported in nearly ten species of crustaceans such as shrimp, crayfish, and crab, and each element has a conserved typical domain. Similar elements have different structures in different types of crustaceans, but their functions are basically similar. These elements have been confirmed to affect disease resistance by regulating signal transduction in the JAK/STAT pathway. At present, only all components of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway have been identified in Litopenaeus vannamei. It is still necessary to identify the remaining components in other crustaceans, and the impact of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway on other signaling pathways in crustaceans still needs further research.It is hoped that it can provide theoretical basis and reference for the study of the regulatory mechanism of JAK/STAT signaling pathway in crustaceans.