Development trend and prospect of beach nourishment technology

Coastal erosion is a common problem faced by all coastal countries. Beach nourishment is the best approach to protect sandy coasts， which is extensively used worldwide. This paper reviews the development of beach nourishment technology and the practices of beach nourishment worldwide， and summarizes the differences of beach nourishment concepts in various countries. The progress of beach nourishment technology in the aspects of sand filling modes relative to planform and cross-shore section， the synergetic engineering techniques of nourishment and the numerical models for predicting beach nourishment projects were summarized based on literature review. Furthermore， the future development trend of beach nourishment is proposed as 1. applications of beach nourishment to complex coasts, 2. beach nourishment and restoration based on coastal sediment management, 3. beach nourishment technology integrated with consideration from geomorphic system to ecosystem and 4. innovative beach restoration ideas under the context of global sand source deficit．