| 摘要: |
| 红树植物根际土壤微生物对近海生物地球化学循环及其生物多样性等起着重要作用，受地上部和土壤性质影响，两种不同药用红树植物桐花树（Aegiceras corniculatum）和老鼠簕（Acanthus ilicifolius）根际土壤微生物群落组成可能存在独特性。本研究分别以细菌 16S rRNA基因和真菌ITS 基因为分子标记，采用高通量测序技术分析比较了桐花树和老鼠簕根际土壤微生物多样性特征及其与土壤理化性质之间的关系。结果表明：①老鼠簕根际土壤细菌和真菌多样性与丰富度均显著高于桐花树，且两者之间的细菌和真菌组成皆存在明显差异（P<0.05）；②两者根际土壤细菌和真菌门和属的优势（大于1%）物种组成皆相似；在门水平，桐花树根际土壤主要优势物种变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和未分类门（unclassified_k_Fungi）的相对丰度显著高于老鼠簕，而拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）、脱硫杆菌门（Desulfobacterota）、子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和担子菌门（Basidiomycota）则相反；在属水平，桐花树的主要优势物种硝化螺菌属（Nitrospira）和Denitromonas属的相对丰度显著高于老鼠簕，而枝孢菌属（Cladosporium）和囊状担子菌属（Cystofilobasidium）则相反；③桐花树根际土壤pH、总碳和总酚含量皆显著高于老鼠簕，pH和总酚显著影响细菌群落组成，而总碳和总硫则显著影响真菌群落组成；此外，pH、总碳和总氮是影响细菌物种的主要因素，而总酚、pH和总碳是影响真菌物种的主要因素。本研究揭示了桐花树和老鼠簕根际土壤细菌和真菌多样性存在明显差异并与土壤理化性质密切相关，可为今后从不同红树物种所具备的独特功能根际微生物菌群来开发相关资源及保护近海的生态环境提供新的视角。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 桐花树 老鼠簕 16S rRNA基因 ITS 基因 根际土壤 土壤理化性质 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20221209001 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41571252)；福建省科技厅引导性项目(2020N0032) |
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| Comparison of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soils of Aegiceras corniculatum and Acanthus ilicifolius in Quanzhou Bay |
| ZHENG Zhisheng,HUANG Weihong,CHEN Xiaochen,HUANG Zhaobin,XUE Ximei,CHEN Jinjiang,ZHANG Qiufang |
| (College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China;Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences， Xiamen 361021, China;Quanzhou Tongqing Mangrove Technology Co. Ltd., Quanzhou 362000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The rhizosphere soil microorganisms on mangrove plants play an important role in the seashore biogeochemical cycle and its biodiversity. As a result of the influence of aboveground environment and soil properties, the rhizosphere soil microbial community composition of two different medicinal mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum and Acanthus ilicifolius may be distinctive. The bacterial and fungal diversities in the rhizosphere soils of A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius were detected by high-throughput sequencing, using the 16S rRNA and ITS genes as molecular markers, and the correlations between their diversities and soil properties were also analyzed. Results show that firstly the microbial diversity and richness of rhizosphere soils of A. ilicifolius were higher than those of A. corniculatum, there were significant differences in both bacterial and fungal composition(P<0.05). Secondly, the composition of the phylum and genus dominance (>1%) of bacterial and fungal in the rhizosphere soils were similar between A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius, while the number of the dominant fungal taxa of A. ilicifolius was more than that of A. corniculatum. The phylum of Proteobacteria, Nitrospirota and unclassified_k_Fungi were significantly more abundant in the soils of A. corniculatum than those of A. ilicifolius, while Bacteroidota, Desulfobacterota and Ascomycota were on the contrary. And the relative abundance of the genera of Nitrospira and Denitromonas in the rhizosphere soil ofA. corniculatum was significantly higher than that of A. ilicifolius, and it was adverse for Cladosporium and Cystofilobasidium. Thirdly, there were significant differences in pH, total carbon and total phenol between them, and pH and total phenol significantly related to the bacterial composition, while total carbon and total sulfur significantly related to the fungal composition. Meanwhile, pH， total carbon and total nitrogen were the important soil properties which affected bacterial taxa at the genus level, while fungal taxa were influenced by total phenols, pH and total carbon. In summary, there were obvious difference in the bacterial and fungal diversities in the rhizosphere soils between A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius. Furthermore, they closely related to soil properties, which may exert on the distinctive ecological functions of the coastal areas, and it could provide a scientific basis for exploration and utilization of A. corniculatum and A. ilicifolius in the ecological functions and unique microbial resources in the future. |
| Key words: marine biology Aegiceras corniculatum Acanthus ilicifolius 16S rRNA gene ITS gene rhizosphere soil soil properties |
