| 摘要: |
| 为了解世界自然遗产地生态修复的“中国样本”和“鸟类保护的国际地标” ——江苏东台条子泥“720”高潮位候鸟栖息地的生态环境质量，本研究采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定了高潮位候鸟栖息地5个样点及与之毗邻的堤外潮间带4个样点表层沉积物中8种常见重金属元素（Hg、Cd、Cr、As、Pb、Cu、Ni和Zn）的含量，基于地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对两个区域表层沉积物中重金属含量特征和生态风险进行了比较研究。结果表明，候鸟栖息地和堤外潮间带表层沉积物中8种重金属的平均含量均未超过国家海洋沉积物质量一类标准，两个区域表层沉积物的重金属含量具有显著的差异（P<0.05），候鸟栖息地沉积物各重金属平均含量均高于堤外区，两个区域潜在生态风险指数也具有显著差异，候鸟栖息地沉积物重金属潜在生态风险大于堤外区，可能与栖息地建设前的水产养殖活动、候鸟栖息活动、周边农业活动和水动力条件有关；两个区域各采样点的重金属地累积指数均小于0，无明显重金属累积风险；两个区域综合潜在生态风险指数均小于150.00，各采样点单项潜在生态风险指数均小于40.00，均属于低潜在生态风险等级。通过研究区与其他滨海自然湿地中重金属特征对比研究发现，本研究区域中的主要生态风险因子是Hg，其次是Cd，后续需要更多的关注。 |
| 关键词: 海洋环境科学 表层沉积物 重金属 生态风险评价 候鸟栖息地 条子泥湿地 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20220330001 |
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| 基金项目:东台复旦湿地保护联合创新中心项目（SEH1829087） |
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| Content and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of migratory bird habitat and its adjacent intertidal zones in Tiaozini Dongtai |
| CAI Zhenjie,LI Guo,KUANG Zexing,WANG Shoubing |
| (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the ecological environment quality of “720” migratory bird habitat for “the China model” and “the international landmark of bird conservation” of ecological restoration in world natural heritage site in Tiaozini Dongtai, Jiangsu Province, the contents of eight heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn) in surface sediments from five sample sites at the migratory bird habitat and four sample sites at its adjacent intertidal zones were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. Based on the geoaccumulation index and the potential ecological risk index, the characteristics of heavy metal content and ecological risk in surface sediments of two areas were compared. Results Showed that the mean contents of eight heavy metals in the surface sediments at the study areas of the migratory bird habitat and intertidal zones outside the embankment were lower than the class I national marine sediment quality and the contents from the two areas are significantly different (P<0.05). The average contents of heavy metals in the sediments in the migratory bird habitat were higher than that in the intertidal zone outside the embankment area. The potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments of the migratory bird habitat is higher than that in the intertidal zone outside the embankment area. The difference may be related to the aquaculture activities before the construction of the migratory bird habitat, migratory bird activities in the habitat, nearby agricultural activities and hydrodynamic conditions. The geoaccumulation indexes of heavy metals at each sampling site in both areas were less than zero, indicating no significant geoaccumulation risk of heavy metals. The comprehensive potential ecological risk indexes of both areas were less than 150.00 and the single factor of potential ecological risk at each sampling sites was less than 40.00. Thus all sites belong to low potential ecological risk level. Compared the characteristics of heavy metals with other coastal natural wetlands of China, it was found that the leading ecological risk factor in this study area was Hg and then Cd. So attentions should be paid to the contents of Hg and Cd in the habitat sediments. |
| Key words: marine environmental science surface sediments heavy metals ecological risk assessment migratory bird habitat Tiaozini wetland |
