| 摘要: |
| 为发展多营养层级综合养殖系统（IMTA），2019年对浙江嵊泗列岛下三横山岛养殖海区潮间带底栖大型海藻周年群落构成及时空特征进行调查分析。结果显示：研究区域共采集到36种大型海藻，包含24种红藻、4种绿藻以及8种褐藻，且群落结构季节性变化显著。鼠尾藻（Sargassum thunbergii）、羊栖菜（S. fusiforme）、石莼（Ulva lactuca）、带形蜈蚣藻（Grateloupia turuturu）、复生凹顶藻（Laurencia composita）所有调查站位均有出现，为该海区的优势种，且鼠尾藻四季皆为优势种。大型海藻群落的丰富度指数（D）、多样性指数（H′）、均匀度指数（J′）的年均值分别为0.81、1.85、2.33，且季节变化明显。优势种Pearson相关分析显示：带形蜈蚣藻、复生凹顶藻生物量与叶绿素a、温度和盐度呈极显著相关，舌状蜈蚣藻（G. livida）、角叉菜（Chondrus ocellatus）生物量与溶解氧呈极显著正相关，珊瑚藻（Corallina officinalis）生物量与溶解性无机磷和pH呈极显著正相关，铜藻（S. horneri）生物量与温度呈显著负相关，石莼生物量与化学需氧量、pH、盐度和叶绿素a呈显著相关，羊栖菜生物量与化学需氧量呈极显著正相关。具经济价值的优势种（鼠尾藻、羊栖菜、石莼）可作为IMTA系统大型海藻候选种。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 大型海藻 优势种 物种多样性 季节变化 下三横山岛 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2023.02.006 |
|
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划（2012BAC07B00）；上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科 2015-02) |
|
| Composition and seasonal changes of macroalgae community in intertidal zone of Xiasanhengshan Island |
| ZHANG Jianlin,BAO Yanlin,SUN Bin,LIU Wei,CHANG Jianan,HE Peimin |
| (Colleage of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Shanghai University Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology, Shanghai 201306, China;Fujian Environmental Protection Design Institute Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350012, China;Jiangsu Ecological Environment Monitoring and Monitoring Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210019, China;Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology (Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Wenzhou 325006, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to develop the multi-trophic Integrated Aquaculture System (IMTA), the composition and spatial characteristics of the annual changes of benthic macroalgae community in the intertidal zone of aquaculture sea area at Xiasanhengshan Island, Shengsi, Zhejiang Province in 2019, were investigated. Results showed that a total of 36 species, including 24, 4 and 8 species of Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta and Phaeophyta, were collected in the research area and the community structure changed significantly with seasons. Sargassum thunbergii, S. fusiforme, Ulva lactuca, Grateloupia turuturu and Laurencia composita dominated at all 9 sites in sea area investigated, and S. thunbergii was the dominant species occurred in all seasons. The annual averages of Margalef index (D), Shannon index (H′) and Evenness index (J′) of the macroalgae are 0.81, 1.85 and 2.33, respectively, with obvious seasonal changes. The Pearson correlation analysis of dominant species showed that G. turuturuand L. composita had very significant correlations with chlorophyll a, temperature and salinity. The biomass of G. livida and Chondrus ocellatus correlated very significantly with dissolved oxygen.Corallina officinalis correlated significantly with dissolved inorganic phosphorus and pH, and S. horneri correlated significantly and inversely with temperature. U. lactuca correlated significantly with COD, pH, salinity and chlorophyll a. The biomass of S. fusiforme had a very significant correlation with chemical oxygen demand. The dominant species with commercial value of S. fusiforme, S. thunbergiaand U. lactuca can be used as candidate species in the IMTA system. This study lays a theoretical foundation for the development and optimization of the fish-shell-algae integrated ecological aquaculture model in future. |
| Key words: marine biology macroalgae dominant species species diversity seasonal changes Xiasanhengshan Island |
