| 摘要: |
| 利用2016年1月至2017年12月北部湾浮标站观测资料，分析了北部湾海雾的特点。结果表明，2016年北部湾出现海雾37 d，2017年为19 d；3月海雾日数最多，4月次之，2016年12月和2017年6—10月未出现海雾；一天中出现雾的峰值时间为03:00—05:00，雾消散的峰值时间为08:00—10:00；雾的维持时间绝大部分在3 h以内。浮标站与北海站、涠洲岛站的大气能见度、相对湿度对比分析表明，在海雾日，涠洲岛站的平均大气能见度、平均相对湿度更接近浮标站，涠洲岛站平均大气能见度比浮标站大0.7～3.3 km，平均相对湿度比浮标站小1.6%～2.4%。不同的海雾过程由于影响系统不同，海上和陆地上雾的持续时间、大气能见度有所不同，当西南暖低压、高压后部影响造成大雾时，涠洲岛站的大气能见度与浮标站更接近，北海站的大气能见度与浮标站相差较大；而均压场造成海雾时，3个观测站的大气能见度变化趋势较为一致，凌晨到上午有雾，中午到下午雾消散。 |
| 关键词: 海洋气象学 大雾 能见度 北部湾 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2021.02.015 |
|
| 基金项目:广西自然科学基金资助项目(2016GXNSFAA380330)；广西重点研发计划资助项目（桂科AB20159013） |
|
| Preliminary analysis of sea fog characteristics over Beibu Gulf area |
| ZHENG Feng-qin,LUO Xiao-li,ZHONG Li-hua,WEI Jing-jing |
| (Guangxi Meteorological Service Center, Nanning 530022, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Using the data of buoy station in Beibu Gulf in 2016-2017， the feature of sea fog over Beibu Gulf was analyzed． It showed that the sea fog appeared for 37 days in 2016 and 19 days in 2017. The maximum occurrence days of yearly sea fog was in March, the next was April, and the minimum was in December and in the period from June to October. The peak of sea fog formation time was between 03:00 and 05:00, and the peak of dissipation time was between 08:00 and 10:00. The duration of sea fog lasted for no more than 3 hours. Comparisons of atmo spheric visibility and relative humidity among the buoy station, Beihai and Weizhou Island stations showed that the mean atmospheric visibility and relative humidity of Weizhou Island station were closer to the buoy station during sea fog. The mean atmospheric visibility at Weizhou Island station was 0.7-3.3 km larger and the mean relative humidity was 1.6%-2.4% smaller than those at the buoy station. Different sea fog processes have different influence systems and the duration and atmospheric visibility of sea fog and land fog could be very different. When the fog was caused by warm low or high pressure in the southwest, the atmospheric visibility at Weizhou Island station was closer to that at the buoy station but it was quite different from that at Beihai station. When the sea fog was caused by the uniform pressure field, the atmospheric visibility changed consistently at these three stations where the fog appeared in the morning and dissipated in the afternoon. |
| Key words: marine meteorology sea fog visibility Beibu Gulf |
