| 摘要: |
| 采用固相萃取和液相色谱串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）分析方法对闽江河口区域沉积物中8类54种抗生素的含量以及分布特征进行分析探讨， 并利用熵值法对抗生素的生态风险进行评价。 结果表明， 闽江河口区域24个站点共检出6类（大环内酯类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类、氯霉素类、硝基咪唑类和苯并咪唑类）19种抗生素， 总量范围在4.16～64.74 ng/g， 平均值为17.35 ng/g; 其中大环内酯类、喹诺酮类和硝基咪唑类抗生素检出频率达到100%。 抗生素总量的空间分布情况呈闽江河口上游>北港>南港>河口下游的趋势， 人口密集区生活污水和医疗废水排放是上游和北港沉积物大环内脂类和喹诺酮类抗生素含量较高的主要原因， 而海水养殖过程中的直接投放可能是河口下游硝基咪唑类抗生素的主要来源; 生态风险评价结果显示， 大部分抗生素的生态风险值RQ<1， 然而替米考星和甲硝唑在研究区域的RQ>1， 具有一定的潜在风险， 可能会对该区域生态环境产生负面效应。 |
| 关键词: 海洋化学 固相萃取 沉积物 抗生素 分布特征 生态风险评价 闽江河口 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2020.02.002 |
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| 基金项目:福建省省属公益专项资助项目(2016R1101006-3,2017R1006-1); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41649904) |
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| Occurrence， distribution and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in sediments of Minjiang Estuary |
| LIU Si-guang,ZHANG Le-meng,LI He-nan,CHEN Meng,CHEN Lan,WANG Jian,ZHANG Fan |
| (Fujian Institute of Oceanography， Xiamen 361012， China) |
| Abstract: |
| Contents and spatial distribution characteristics of 54 antibiotics in 8 types in Minjiang Estuary were studied. The surface sediment samples were analyzed with methodology of solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. The ecological risk of antibiotics was evaluated with entropy method. Results form 24 stations in the estuary showed that 19 in 6 types of antibiotics such as macrolides， sulfonamides， quinolones， chloramphenicol， nitroimidazoles and benzimidazoles， were detected and the total concentration ranged from 4.16 to 64.74 ng/g with an average of 17.35 ng/g. Especially， the detectable frequency of macrolides， quinolones and nitroimidazoles was 100%, respectively. Furthermore， it was found that the distribution of the total antibiotics concentration in the sediments of Minjiang Estuary was higher in upstream， then in the north port， the south port and lower in downstream. It can be summarized that the high concentrations of macrolides and quinolones in the upstream and the north port were from urban sewage and medical waste while the residues of nitroimidazoles in the downstream were mainly from the animal husbandry and aquaculture. The results of ecological risk assessment showed that the ecological risk values of most antibiotics were low(RQ<1). However tilmicosin and metronidazole had a high ecological risk(RQ>1) in the study areas where it may have a potential negative effect on the estuarine environment． |
| Key words: marine chemistry solid phase extraction sediment antibiotics distribution characteristics ecological risk assessment Minjiang Estuary |
